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themselves into the air more efficiently.Most human-engineered flying machines require either long runways orflat surfaces for takeoff.Either way,they take a while to overcome gravity and gain altitude.University of Southern California biomechanist Michael Habib,who was not involved in the study,sayssprings enable more rapid speed than wheels do.And many animals are masters of springs."A house cat will beata Lamborghini off the line for the first 100 feet,"he says.While the car has to speed up,the cat jumps itself intoa run.The same movement explains how birds start flight."If you can understand how that works,"Habib adds,"you can build a robot that's good at running around and good at flying,and it will also be good at taking offsuddenly in all kinds of conditions and landing quickly on a dime."Parslew is now designing such a robot,as analternative to wheeled planes for exploring other planets.12.Why do birds'takeoff actions catch Ben Parslew's attention?A.He is fond of wild animals.B.He wants to design robots that can jump and take off like birds.C.He is a biomechanical engineer.D.He is curious about nature.13.What does the underlined word "constraining"in paragraph 2 mean?A.Improving.B.Robbing.C.Continuing.D.Limiting.14.What will happen when birds start to take off?A.They will jump first before taking off.B.They will tip over and fall onto their beaks.C.They will make their bodies slightly backward.D.It will take birds a while to overcome gravity and fly to the sky.15.What is the meaning of researching birds'takeoff?A.Making robots jump and take off like birds.B.Improving the ability of a plane.C.Inventing a robot which can speed up quickly.D.Making robots fly more efficiently.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。科学家通过研究鸟的起飞动作,希望机器人能像鸟一样跳跃和起飞。l2.B推理判断题。根据第一段He is trying to design robots that can jump and take off like birds.可知,鸟的起飞动作之所以会引起Ben Parslew的注意,是因为他想设计能像鸟一样跳跃和起飞的机器人。l3.D词义猜测题。根据第二段中Most traditional robots roll around on wheels和There is a need for moreintelligent robots that can jump over the thing that is in their way可推知,此处表达传统机器人在轮子上滚动,“限制了”灵活性,画线词义为“限制”。l4.C细节理解题。根据第三段They discovered that birds turned their bodies slightly backward while ready tojump.可知,当鸟类开始起飞时,它们的身体会稍微向后倾斜。l5.A推理判断题。根据第四段Parslew thinks engineers can use this information to design robots that can notonly jump well but also send themselves into the air more efficiently.可知,研究鸟类起飞的意义是让机器人可以像鸟一样跳跃和起飞。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Do Man-on-the-street InterviewsThe man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman tointerview people on the spot.16 But with these tips,your first man-on-the-street interview experience can beeasy.When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story,think about thetopic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it.For example,if your topic is aboutenvironmental problems in America,you might ask,"Why do you think environmental protection is important inAmerica?”17·28·