2022衡中金卷 先享题 信息卷化学答案

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解答(1)由①C3H8(g)-CH4(g)+C2H2(g)+H2(g)△H1=+156.6kJmo-12C3H6(g)-CH4(g)+C2H2(g)△H2=+32.4kJmo-1根据盖斯定律①-②2计算C3H8(g)-C3H6(g)+H2(g)的△H=+156.6kJmo|-1-(+32.4kJmo-1)=+124.2 KJ- mol-1故答案为:+124.2(2)①C(s)+02(g)-C02(g)△H=-393.5 KJ- mol-②2H2(g)+1202(g)-H20(g)△H2=-242.0kJmo-1③Co(g)+1202(g)=C02(g)△H3=-283.0kJmo-1根据盖斯定律①-②-③3计算C(s)+H20(g)高温cO(g)+H2(g)的焓变△H=-393.5kJmo-1-(-242.0kJmo-1)-(-283.0kJmo-1)=+131.5kJmo-1,所以热化学方程式C(s)+H20(g)-CO(g)+H2(g)AH=+131.5 kJmol故答案为:C(s)+H20(g)-CO(g)+H2(g)AH=+131.5 kJmol-1(3)3mo甲烷燃烧时放出2670kJ的热量,则1mo甲烷燃烧时放出热量为2670.9kJ÷3=890.3kJ所以甲烷燃烧热的热化学方程式为CH4(g)+202(g)-C02(g)+2H20()△H=-890.3 KJ- mol-1故答案为:CH4(g)+202(g)-C02(g)+2H20()△H=-890.3 KJ- mol-1(4)由图象数据可知N2(g)+3H2(g)=2NH3(g)△H=500kJmo-1-600kJmo-1=92kJmo-1.即反应的热化学方程式为N2(g)+3H2(g)=2NH3(g)AH=-92 kJ mol-1故答案为:N2(g)+3H2(g)=2NH3(g)△H=-92kJmo-(5)设HC的键能为x,则-185kJmo-1=(436kJmo-1+247kJmo-1)-2x解得x=434kJ'mol故答案为:434。

18.1.增大接触面积加快反应速率;24FeS2+110烧2F8s23ALO.+2NaoH=2NaAIO. +H o4.OH +CO2=HCO,. AlO,+CO2+2H2O=HCO,+A(OH)3+5.1:16